Buddha’s Birthday in South Korea
Buddha’s Birthday is a public holiday in South Korea, observed on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month. The date moves on the Gregorian calendar, and the season is marked by temple ceremonies and Yeondeunghoe, a lantern festival rooted in Buddhist ritual.[1][3]
A lunar date and a public holiday
South Korea’s Holidays Act lists Buddha’s Birthday as a national public holiday and sets it on lunar month four, day eight. The date therefore changes each year on the Gregorian calendar.[1]
Government offices and banks close on official Korean public holidays. For employees covered by the Labor Standards Act, public holidays and substitute holidays are paid holidays, though the law allows an employer and employee representative to agree in writing to substitute a specific workday.[2][4]
How the holiday is observed
The religious observance commemorates the birth of Shakyamuni Buddha. At many Buddhist temples, ceremonies include bathing an image of the baby Buddha, a ritual that begins the annual Yeondeunghoe festival.[3][4]
As the lunar date approaches, colorful lanterns are displayed at temples and in public spaces. People carry handmade lanterns in processions and may join recreational events and group games. UNESCO describes Yeondeunghoe as a spring festival open to the public, with lanterns expressing good wishes and symbolizing enlightenment through Buddha’s wisdom.[3]
Substitute holidays and visitor planning
Under the current substitute-holiday rules, Buddha’s Birthday receives a substitute holiday when it falls on a Sunday or overlaps another public holiday on a weekday. The substitute is the next day that is not already a public holiday.[2]
Many palaces, museums, department stores, and amusement facilities generally remain open during official holidays, even as offices and banks close. Check the opening information for a particular place before visiting. Check shop and public transport details before you travel.[4]
Frequently asked questions
When is Buddha’s Birthday in South Korea?
Is Buddha’s Birthday a day off?
Is there a substitute holiday if it falls on Sunday?
Yes. The current rules provide a substitute on the next non-holiday when Buddha’s Birthday falls on Sunday. They also provide one when it overlaps another public holiday on a weekday.[2]
What can visitors expect to see?
Are tourist attractions open?
Palaces, museums, department stores, and amusement facilities generally remain open on Korean public holidays. Check the specific venue for its hours.[4]
Sources and references
Sources used for Buddha's Birthday in South Korea:
- 공휴일에 관한 법률- National Law Information Center
- 연계정보- National Law Information Center
- Yeondeunghoe, lantern lighting festival in the Republic of Korea- UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
- Public Holidays- Korea Tourism Organization