Day of Valor in Philippines

What the day remembers

The Philippines’ observance is rooted in the Fall of Bataan. On April 9, 1942, American General Edward King surrendered forces that included Filipino and American soldiers to Japanese troops. Captured soldiers were then forced to march from Mariveles, Bataan, to Camp O’Donnell in Capas, Tarlac. The National Museum describes the march as a defining part of the story commemorated by Araw ng Kagitingan.[3]

The day remembers the courage and suffering of those who fought and were captured, as well as the families affected by the war. The original law called for rites honoring Bataan’s defenders and their parents, wives, and widows, giving the holiday a national memorial purpose from its beginning.[1]

Date and legal status

Republic Act No. 3022, approved in 1961, named April 9 “Bataan Day” and declared it a legal holiday. It also called on public officials and citizens to observe a minute of silence at 4:30 p.m. and hold appropriate commemorative rites.[1]

The holiday framework was later amended by Republic Act No. 9492, which lists Araw ng Kagitingan as the Monday nearest April 9 and provides for Monday observance when a holiday falls on Sunday. Annual presidential proclamations also declare the country’s holiday schedule. Check the applicable official proclamation when planning around a particular observance.[2]

How it is commemorated

The Mount Samat National Shrine, also called Dambana ng Kagitingan, in Pilar, Bataan, is a focal point for national ceremonies. Commemorations have included wreath-laying there in tribute to Filipino and American veterans of World War II.[4]

Araw ng Kagitingan is also the highlight of Philippine Veterans Week. Government commemorations have included sunrise and wreath-laying ceremonies, tributes to Filipino heroes, and a remembrance at Capas National Shrine for veterans who suffered during the Death March. Activities and access arrangements can vary by year, so visitors should check official announcements before traveling to a ceremony.[4]

What to expect

Because it is a legal public holiday, government offices follow holiday schedules. Check opening hours with banks, shops and transport providers before setting out. If you plan to visit Mount Samat or another memorial site, allow for possible ceremony-related traffic or access arrangements and confirm local details in advance.[1][4]